An important challenge for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolysis is to reduce the permeation of the produced gases. This crossover affects the cell efficiency and causes safety issues. The crossover increases ...

Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is a key technology for future sustainable energy systems. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis cells use iridium, one of the scarcest elements on earth, as catalyst ...

Ability of dynamic operation seems to be an important feature of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE) to become a relevant part of the future energy system. However, only few fundamental analyzes of the ...